Volume 25 – 2025 – Issue 6

The aim of this paper is to analyse and describe the formal features of brutal system of South African society in the Novels of La Guma, a coloured novelist from South Africa, where the socio-political structure was controlled by the racist ideology of discrimination. The present study emphasized is completely the urgent need for impact with special reference to this Novel “A walk in the Night”The Stone country,The Time of Butcherbird, etc.This novella reveals to readers the atrocities that were perpetrated against the non-whites in South Africa. This study highlights the restrictions placed on African workers under the oppressive discrimination system and its effects on the psyche of the non-whites in South Africa have been given credible space in the novella. There is seen in this novella a fictionalization of the different forms of maltreatments that nonwhites suffered during the discrimination regime. There is also seen in the novella a relentless effort by La Guma to protest against the Apartheid era. The life-styles of the nonwhites clearly indicate that the discrimination system really took away the dignity of the non-whites in South Africa. Analyses such as this can be fruitful for instance in the area of “A walk in the Night”. A Walk in the Night is literally a story of Michael Adonis‟s walk through District Six in one eventful evening

The Paper is analyzing India‘s Position vis-à-vis other countries on Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) which on and off become the hot debate and grave concern at the international scenario among the nuclear countries. Whenever, India has been asked to sign NPT, it as usual, states that till it is of discriminatory nature India would abstain from signing the agreement. However, India outside the NPT agreement remained a steadfast and accepted the basic principles of the treaty as any other member country of the NPT treaty. The paper also brings into light how India is different from the North Korea and Iran as for as the Nuclear program is concerned and how it is maintaining the international standards and principles while dealing with the countries that violated the spirit of the NPT agreement despite being its members

India aspires and wants to be permanent member of United Nations Security Council (UNSC) because India has all the qualities that requires for the permanent berth in the United Nations Security Council like India is nuclear weapon state, member of Nuclear Supplier Group (NSG), member of Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) and so on. But the reform of the United Security Council is problematic because enlarging the permanent membership could impair decision-making. None of the existing permanent members-USA, Russia, the UK, China and France are keen to give up their seats. USA supports for India‟s permanent berth in the United Nations Security Council. But this is difficult to make an uncontroversial case for any of the potential new permanent members. The reform of the Security Council is impossible to achieve because of veto powers of its permanent members. The Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace and security and for restoring peace when it breaks down. Its decisions are binding on all UN member states. The Security Council has tremendous power to define the existence and nature of a security threat, to structure the response to such a threat and to enforce its decisions through compulsory directives to UN members such as to halt trade with an aggressor. The five permanent members of the UNSC are the most important. The UNSC also has ten non-permanent members who rotate on the UNSC for two year terms. Non-permanent members are elected five each year by General Assembly from a list made by informal regional group. Usually there is a mix of regions and country sizes though not by any strict formula. The UNSC‟s chairperson rotates among the Council members monthly. Substantive Security Council resolutions require 9 votes from among the 15 members. But a “no” vote by any permanent member defeats the resolution-the veto power

Since 1980, the efforts of the South Asian countries were successful in 1985 when the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) was formally launched in 8th December 1985 with the specific objective of promoting regional economic cooperation among the member countries-Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. SAARC‟s headquarter is Kathmandu (Nepal). Afghanistan became 8th member of SAARC on 4th April 2007.The observers of SAARC are Australia, China, Iran, Japan, Myanmar, South Korea, European Union, USA, and Mauritius. Thus, the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) was designed to serve as an agency or institution for promoting economic and cultural cooperation among the member countries. Besides, SAARC‟s objective is to promote regional economic cooperation for development

During extensive studies on algal taxonomy of Ahmadpur tehsil in the Latur district inthe Marathwada region of Maharashtra, the author came across several interesting members of Chlorococcales .The present paper deals with the systematic account of 15 species of genus Tetraedron (Kuetzing, 1845).

During extensive studies on algal taxonomy of Ahmadpur tehsil in the Latur district inthe Marathwada region of Maharashtra, the author came across several interesting members of Chlorococcales .The present paper deals with the systematic account of 15 species of genus Tetraedron (Kuetzing, 1845).