Volume 25 – 2025 – Issue 3

Panyam study area situated in Kurnool sub-basin, India. This study area covered with different geological formations from place to place. Radiometric studies which is a very good tool for geological mapping, were carried out to identify the anomalies corresponding to these formations. From the interpretation of Radiometric contour map the anomalies can be noticed easily which are maximum correlate with these formations. For convenience two geological boundaries BL1 and BL2 also drawn in this map. Below boundary line-BL1, the larger area mostly covered with Nandyal shales, exhibit high values > 7 μR/hr except at the soil cover areas. The low anomalies < 3 μR/hr are observed above BL2 line, due to Panyam quartzites. The zone between BL1 and BL2 covered with Koilakuntla Limestone with Nandyal shales exhibit different anomalies low to high

With the rising demand for renewable energy and environmental protection, anaerobic digestion of biogas technology has attracted considerable attention within the scientific community. This paper presents a comprehensive review of research achievements on anaerobic digestion developments for biogas production. The review includes a discussion of factors affecting efficiency (temperature, pH, C/N ratio, OLR and retention time), accelerants (greenery biomass, biological pure culture and inorganic additives), reactors (conventional anaerobic reactors, sludge retention reactors and anaerobic membrane reactors) and biogas AD processes (lignocellulose waste, municipal solid waste, food waste, livestock manure and waste activated sludge) based on substrate characteristics and discusses the application of each fore mentioned aspect. The factors affecting efficiency are crucial to anaerobic digestion, because they play a major role in biogas production and determine the metabolic conditions for microorganism growth. As an additive, an accelerant is not only regarded as a nutrient resource, but can also improve biodegradability. The focus of reactor design is the sufficient utilization of a substrate by changing the feeding method and enhancing the attachment to biomass. The optimal digestion process balances the optimal digest conditions with the cost-optimal input/output ratio. Additionally, establishment of theoretical and technological studies should emphasize practicality based on laboratory-scale experiments because further development of biogas plants would allow for a transition from household to medium- and large-scale projects; therefore, improving stability and efficiency are recommended for advancing AD research

Roundabout is a specialized form of at grade intersection which allows the movement of traffic in one direction around the central island and move out of the roundabout into their desired direction. It is based on the gap acceptance theory, in which motorist approaching the roundabout waits to find the suitable gap to pass the roundabout. Rapid automobile technology developed to allow higher speeds through the intersections. With increase in traffic volume, traffic circles congestion increased so they were replaced with signalised intersections.Signals are used to control the vehicles at the entry of signalized roundabout. Priority to the circle rule emerged, which means motorist should give way at the entry of roundabout to traffic moving around the roundabout. This rule increased the capacity of roundabout and reduced problem of delay in traffic. To solve the problem of accidents at the roundabout, a new kind of roundabout came into view which is known as turbo roundabout. Turbo-roundabout is a modified form of the traditional roundabout having multi lanes in which motorist obey a particular roadway in order to reach their planned place. At some places, video recording by drones is done to study the accident in a better way and provide safe traffic journey. Another study includes that motorcade functioning and capacity is increased on roundabouts with improper flow of traffic when provided with metering arrangement. Metering structure consists of metered arrangement and a managing arrangement. Metered arrangements include clashes in traffic ahead of the descending path whereas managing arrangement comprises of additional travel time of traffic and long lines of traffic. Present day roundabout is a type of junction without signals

The high rate of indiscipline and moral decadence among secondary school students in Adamawa State is a source of concern. This has contributed to academic indiscipline among students, hence the dismal achievement in social studies’ Basic Education Certificate Examinations (BECE) recorded over the years. Social studies is one of the subjects that educate learners on the need to imbibe good attitude, values and norms to become responsible citizens of a nation, yet, little empirical evidence exist in Adamawa state on how teachers could effectively scaffold and brainstormed learners th rough learning of social studies. To augment this literature gap, this study tested the efficacy of scaffolding and brainstorming instructional models on junior secondary school students’ achievement and learning retention with gender acting as a moderating variable. It is a quasi-experimental intervention with no randomization of participants into classes selected for the study. A sample of 272 Junior Secondary School Two (JS II) students offering social studies from six governmentowned schools was engaged in the study. Data from the respondents were gathered through the administration of Social Studies Achievement and Retention Test (SOSART) designed, validated, and trial tested in the study. The reliability of the SOSART was established using Guttmann Spl it-Half statistic and was found to be 0.78. The research questions were answered using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation, while the hypotheses were tested using One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD Post hoc. Findings revealed that students exposed to social studies through the application of scaffolding and brainstorming instructional models had better achievement and learning retention results compared with their peers in the conventional teaching method group. It was also recorded that students’ gender had no effect on their achievement when exposed to social studies using scaffolding and brainstorming instructional models. The study enjoins social studies teachers in secondary schools to incorporate scaffolding and brainstorming instructional models while teaching the subject.

The aim of this project is to design and analysis of hydraulic press to facilitate the ease of operation to manufacture the smaller parts in bulk. In current scenario time constraint is crucial part for completion of any production process. Thus, with the aid of automation the production time can be reduced as well as high degree of accuracy can be achieved easily. One more advantage is that human effort will be all aviated thus attempt has been made to provide the smooth and rapid functioning of press work with the help of hydraulic system. Hydraulic press is a device which uses hydraulic cylinder to generate the compressive force. The aim of this project is to make the special purpose machine for flaring operation on inlet sleeve which is used in Mahindra blazzo exhaust system. Previously there was no such machine available which is capable of clamping as well as flaring automatically. In previous case holding was accomplished mechanically, as large force is required for flaring operation, mechanical clamping was unable to sustain large amount of force which lead to damage of parts due to slipping. In order to overcome the above circumstances there is need to design hydraulic press

Patients with alcohol dependence show impairments in imbalanced emotion stability, and poor mental health wellbeing, which affects their day to day life. Anger management program that targets improvement of emotion stability, and promote mental health wellbeing. The present study aims to assess the effectiveness of Anger Management, in enhancing emotional intelligence and Mental health of Alcohol dependent patients (15 session, span of one month). The Present study was conducted on de-toxificated, 30 male patients with Alcohol Dependence syndrome. All subjects were administered the Spielbergar‟s) State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), Schuttle Emotional intelligence scale and Augustine Mental Health Inventory, at a baseline assessment and post intervention. Paired “t” test was used to compare the pre and post scores of the participants. Following anger management programme, it was found that there was a significant reduction in state anger, and improved emotional intelligence and mental health among the participants. Also the finding shows that there was significant reduction in the level of Anger and Anger-Out of the alcohol dependent patients after the anger management programmed. The Module of Anger Management Programme, was found effective in reducing levels of anger, enhancing level of emotional intelligence and mental health of alcohol dependent patients